![](data:image/png;base64,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)
(vi) Complex Volumes and Cusp Shapes
Solutions to I
u
1
√
−1(vol +
√
−1CS) Cusp shape
u = 0.991889 + 0.082450I
−3.38654 − 2.37032I −8.66369 + 6.45303I
u = 0.991889 − 0.082450I
−3.38654 + 2.37032I −8.66369 − 6.45303I
u = 0.669840 + 0.792447I
−2.96109 + 4.19895I −3.45915 − 2.96726I
u = 0.669840 − 0.792447I
−2.96109 − 4.19895I −3.45915 + 2.96726I
u = −0.704805 + 0.763405I
2.32305 − 2.08285I 0.48249 + 4.55796I
u = −0.704805 − 0.763405I
2.32305 + 2.08285I 0.48249 − 4.55796I
u = −0.654698 + 0.815515I
−13.8160 − 5.2888I −3.98413 + 1.89357I
u = −0.654698 − 0.815515I
−13.8160 + 5.2888I −3.98413 − 1.89357I
u = 0.749661 + 0.738081I
3.08458 − 0.82025I 3.76726 + 3.28548I
u = 0.749661 − 0.738081I
3.08458 + 0.82025I 3.76726 − 3.28548I
u = −1.053450 + 0.104546I
−9.10965 + 4.03404I −10.86562 − 4.28987I
u = −1.053450 − 0.104546I
−9.10965 − 4.03404I −10.86562 + 4.28987I
u = −0.926938
−1.84696 −2.83260
u = 1.084680 + 0.113747I
19.2646 − 4.8999I −10.88316 + 3.33845I
u = 1.084680 − 0.113747I
19.2646 + 4.8999I −10.88316 − 3.33845I
u = 0.954725 + 0.548432I
−6.57750 − 1.92071I −8.14899 + 2.64008I
u = 0.954725 − 0.548432I
−6.57750 + 1.92071I −8.14899 − 2.64008I
u = −0.841615 + 0.719480I
−0.29950 + 2.71622I −2.52778 − 3.64683I
u = −0.841615 − 0.719480I
−0.29950 − 2.71622I −2.52778 + 3.64683I
u = −0.900993 + 0.649958I
−0.39055 + 2.53610I −4.97104 − 1.73986I
u = −0.900993 − 0.649958I
−0.39055 − 2.53610I −4.97104 + 1.73986I
u = −0.997812 + 0.527862I
−17.7602 + 1.5442I −8.40581 − 2.83679I
u = −0.997812 − 0.527862I
−17.7602 − 1.5442I −8.40581 + 2.83679I
u = 0.869652 + 0.772208I
−10.18350 − 2.90290I −2.41886 + 2.81755I
u = 0.869652 − 0.772208I
−10.18350 + 2.90290I −2.41886 − 2.81755I
u = 0.960196 + 0.698617I
2.44032 − 4.66537I 2.22438 + 2.85694I
u = 0.960196 − 0.698617I
2.44032 + 4.66537I 2.22438 − 2.85694I
u = −0.989811 + 0.703622I
1.46134 + 7.65649I −1.60381 − 9.50795I
u = −0.989811 − 0.703622I
1.46134 − 7.65649I −1.60381 + 9.50795I
u = 1.013930 + 0.706638I
−3.99832 − 9.85780I −5.28411 + 7.75743I
5